potassium chloride

CLINICAL USE

Hypokalaemia

DOSE IN NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION

2–4 g (25–50 mmol) daily

PHARMACOKINETICS

Molecular weight :74.6

%Protein binding :N/A

%Excreted unchanged in urine : N/A

Volume of distribution (L/kg) :N/A

half-life – normal/ESRD (hrs) :N/A

DOSE IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT

GFR (mL/MIN)

20 to 50 : According to response

10 to 20 : According to response

<10 : According to response

DOSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPIES

CAPD :Dialysed. Dose according to response

HD :Dialysed. Dose according to response

HDF/high flux :Dialysed. Dose according to response

CAV/VVHD :Dialysed. Dose according to response

IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugsACE inhibitors and angiotensin- II antagonists: increased risk of hyperkalaemia

Ciclosporin: increased risk of hyperkalaemiaPotassium-sparing diuretics: increased risk of hyperkalaemia

Tacrolimus: increased risk of hyperkalaemia

ADMINISTRATION

Reconstition

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Route

Oral, IV

Rate of Administration

Infusion up to 20 mmol potassium per hour except in extreme hypokalaemic emergency where some units give up to 40 mmol/hour with cardiac monitoring

Comments

Give IV solution well diluted (not exceeding 40 mmol/500 mL) for peripheral administrationMix IV solutions thoroughly to avoid layering effectSome units give more concentrated solution centrally: 100–200 mmol/100 mL sodium chloride 0.9% or glucose 5%, but at a rate not more than 20 mmol/hourCardiac monitoring mandatory

OTHER INFORMATION

Potassium chloride injection MUST NOT be injected undilutedMonitor serum potassium levels Sando K: 12 mmol potassium per tablet Slow K: 8 mmol potassium per tablet Kay-Cee-L Syrup: 1 mmol potassium per mLPotassium chloride strong 15% injection: 20 mmol potassium /10 mL

See how to identify renal failure stages according to GFR calculation

See how to diagnose irreversible renal disease

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